Shloka 48
Saṃhāra-krama (The Sequence of Cosmic Dissolution) — Yājñavalkya’s Discourse
अरतिं दुर्जयां चैव घोरां तृष्णां च पार्थिव । स्पर्श निद्रां तथा तन्द्रीं दुर्जयां नृपसत्तम
aratiṁ durjayāṁ caiva ghorāṁ tṛṣṇāṁ ca pārthiva | sparśa-nidrāṁ tathā tandrīṁ durjayāṁ nṛpasattama ||
毗湿摩说道：“噢，大王！有些势力极难降伏——躁动不安、可怖的贪渴、触欲之诱、睡眠与昏惰。若不加节制，纵是最贤明的君主亦会为其所胜。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler (and any seeker of dharma) must master inner enemies—restlessness, craving, sensual indulgence, sleep, and lethargy—because they are ‘durjaya’ (hard to conquer) and can undermine right conduct and disciplined governance.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous living and governance, Bhīṣma addresses the king and lists powerful obstacles of the mind and senses that must be restrained for ethical stability and effective rule.