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Shloka 6

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

किंतु जिसके पास युद्धका सामान हो, जो युद्धके लिये तैयार हो और अपने बराबरका हो, संग्रामभूमिमें उस क्षत्रियकुमारको राजा अवश्य जीतनेका प्रयत्न करे ।।

tulyād iha vadhaḥ śreyān viśiṣṭāc ceti niścayaḥ | nihīnāt kātarāc caiva kṛpaṇād garhito vadhaḥ ||

帕罗娑罗说:国王当在战场上竭力战胜那位刹帝利王子——其人军备齐整,已备战而立,且与王势力相当。通晓兵法者断言:死于同等之敌之手,乃至死于更胜一筹的英雄之手,皆为上选;而死于卑下者、怯懦者或卑贱可鄙之人之手,则被视为耻辱。

तुल्यात्from an equal (person)
तुल्यात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुल्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
इहhere (in this context/world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
वधःdeath, slaying
वधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयान्better, preferable
श्रेयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशिष्टात्from a superior (person)
विशिष्टात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चयःdecision, settled conclusion
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निहीनात्from an inferior (person)
निहीनात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिहीन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
कातरात्from a cowardly (person)
कातरात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootकातर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कृपणात्from a wretched/mean (person)
कृपणात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
गर्हितःcensured, blameworthy
गर्हितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्हित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वधःdeath, slaying
वधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
K
kṣatriya (kṣatriya-prince)
R
rājā (king)
S
saṅgrāma-bhūmi (battlefield)
Y
yuddha-śāstra (science/law of war)

Educational Q&A

In kṣatriya ethics, combat should be undertaken against a properly prepared and worthy opponent; being slain by an equal or superior is considered honorable, while death at the hands of an inferior, cowardly, or base person is viewed as disgraceful.

Parāśara is instructing on norms of righteous warfare and royal conduct: a king should engage and seek victory over a battle-ready peer, and he cites the war-tradition’s judgment about what kinds of death in combat are praised or censured.