Shloka 8
Śoka-śamana: Kṛṣṇa’s Consolation and Nārada’s Exempla to Sṛñjaya
Chapter 29
Devanagari script
वायुदेव उवाच मा कृथा: पुरुषव्याप्र शोकं त्वं गात्रशोषणम् । नहि ते सुलभा भूयो ये हतास्मिन् रणाजिरे
Translation
风神伐由说道：“噫，勇士之雄！莫作悲恸。哀伤能使形体枯槁。此战场上已被杀戮的诸勇士，今后再要轻易得见，已无可能。”
Word by Word
वायुदेवःVāyu-deva (the Wind-god)
वायुदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायुदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
कृथाःdo/make
कृथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुरुषव्याघ्रO tiger among men
पुरुषव्याघ्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शोकम्grief
शोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
गात्रशोषणम्body-drying (emaciating)
गात्रशोषणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगात्रशोषण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तेto you/for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
सुलभाःeasily obtainable
सुलभाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुलभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भूयःagain/further
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
येthose who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हताःkilled/slain
हताः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
रणाजिरेin the battlefield
रणाजिरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणाजिर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes