Shloka 31

Śoka-śamana: Kṛṣṇa’s Consolation and Nārada’s Exempla to Sṛñjaya

Chapter 29

Devanagari script

अड़ूं बृहद्रथं चैव मृतं संजय शुश्रुम

Transliteration

aḍūṃ bṛhadrathaṃ caiva mṛtaṃ saṃjaya śuśruma | ījāno vitate yajñe dakṣiṇām atyakalayat ||

Translation

伐由曰：“孙阇耶（Sañjaya），吾等亦闻安伽（Aṅga）之王布里哈德罗他（Bṛhadratha）已逝。彼行盛大而广布之祭时，施与无比之达克希那（dakṣiṇā）：白马以数十万计，又以数十万金饰女郎为赠。”

Word by Word

• अङ्गेषु: in/among the Angas (in Anga country)
• अङ्गेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्ग
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• बृहद्रथम्: Bṛhadratha (proper name)
• बृहद्रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहद्रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• मृतम्: dead
• मृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सञ्जय: O Sañjaya
• Type: Noun
• Root: सञ्जय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• शुश्रुम: we have heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha), 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada

• ईजानः: sacrificing; performing (a sacrifice)
• ईजानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईज्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present active participle)

• वितते: in the extended/spread-out (rite)
• वितते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वितत
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• यज्ञे: in the sacrifice
• यज्ञे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• दक्षिणाम्: the sacrificial fee/gift (dakṣiṇā)
• दक्षिणाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अत्यकालयत्: he bestowed/gave in great measure
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति + कालय्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Sañjaya
• Bṛhadratha
• Aṅga (kingdom)
• yajña
• dakṣiṇā
• white horses
• maidens adorned with gold ornaments

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse juxtaposes mortality with merit: even powerful kings die, yet their dharmic acts—especially yajña and generous dakṣiṇā—are remembered as markers of righteous conduct and social responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva informs Sañjaya that King Bṛhadratha of Aṅga has died, and recalls his famed generosity during a great sacrifice, where he distributed immense dakṣiṇā such as large numbers of white horses and richly adorned maidens.