Shloka 2
उशनसः (शुक्रस्य) चरितम् — The Account of Uśanā (Śukra): Yoga, Grievance, and Pacification
Devanagari script
लोकसम्भावितैर्दु:खं यत् प्राप्तं कुरुसत्तम । प्राप्प जाति मनुष्येषु देवेरपि पितामह
Translation
噢，祖父，俱卢族中最卓越者！纵然蒙诸天之力得生人间，又为众人所敬仰，我们在此仍遭逢巨大的痛苦。
Word by Word
लोकworld/people
लोक:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (as compound member), Singular
सम्भावितैःhonoured/respected (by)
सम्भावितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्भावित (सम् + भाव्, क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
दुःखम्sorrow, suffering
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्which/that
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तम्obtained/has come
प्राप्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्त (प्र + आप्, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कुरुसत्तमO best of the Kurus
कुरुसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootकुरु-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving obtained/attained
प्राप्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र + आप् (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त अव्यय)
FormAbsolutive (gerund)
जातिम्birth/state of being (a kind)
जातिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजाति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मनुष्येषुamong humans
मनुष्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
देवैःby the gods
देवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormParticle
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कुरुश्रेष्ठO best of the Kurus
कुरुश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootकुरु-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes