Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 44

कपिल–स्यूमरश्मि संवादः

Kapila and Syūmaraśmi on Renunciation, Householder Support, and Epistemic Authority

बहुदंशाकुलान्‌ देशान्‌ नयन्ति बहुकर्दमान्‌ । वाहसम्पीडिता धुर्या: सीदन्त्यविधिना परे

bahudaṁśākulān deśān nayanti bahukardamān | vāhasampīḍitā dhuryāḥ sīdanty avidhinā pare ||

图拉达罗说道:“人们明知这些生灵为其母所钟爱、离别必致哀痛,却仍强行将它们从无叮咬之地驱逐出去,带入刺虫成群、泥淖深厚的地域。同样,许多役畜被重担压迫,当他人以不法之举折磨它们时,便困顿倒毙。”

बहु-दंश-आकुलान्filled with many biting insects
बहु-दंश-आकुलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुदंशाकुल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
देशान्countries/regions
देशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नयन्तिthey lead/carry (to)
नयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
बहु-कर्दमान्having much mud
बहु-कर्दमान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुकर्दम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वाहस-सम्पीडिताःpressed/afflicted by burdens
वाहस-सम्पीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवाहससम्पीडित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धुर्याःdraught-animals (yoked beasts)
धुर्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधुर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सीदन्तिthey sink/falter/are exhausted
सीदन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अ-विधिनाby improper method/without due rule
अ-विधिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअविधि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
परेothers (people)
परे:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

तुलाधार उवाच

T
Tulādhāra
D
draught animals (vāhasa, dhurya)
R
regions/lands (deśa)
B
biting insects (daṁśa)
M
mud/mire (kardama)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that adharma often lies in the hidden violence behind ordinary economic activity—coercion, separation of young from mothers, and overburdening animals—urging compassion and lawful conduct (vidhi) rather than exploitation.

Tulādhāra rebukes a moral objection by pointing to common practices: people raid pest-free regions to seize animals and drive them into harsh, insect-ridden, muddy lands, and they overload and mistreat draught animals until they collapse.