Shloka 14

कालनियमः शोकशमनं च

Kāla as Regulator; Pacification of Grief

Devanagari script

यदा चायं न बिभेति यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति | यदा नेच्छति न देष्टि ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा

Transliteration

yadā cāyaṃ na bibheti yadā cāsmān na bibhyati | yadā necchati na deṣṭi brahma sampadyate tadā ||

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说：“当一个人不惧任何人，也无人惧他；当他既不贪求也不憎恨——那时他便证得梵（Brahman）之境。”

Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा
• Form: indeclinable (temporal conjunction)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable (conjunction)

• अयम्: this (man/person)
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: indeclinable (negation)

• बिभेति: fears
• Type: Verb
• Root: भी
• Form: present (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा
• Form: indeclinable (temporal conjunction)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable (conjunction)

• अस्मात्: from him / of him (as source of fear)
• अस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: masculine/feminine/neuter (pronoun), ablative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: indeclinable (negation)

• बिभ्यति: they fear
• Type: Verb
• Root: भी
• Form: present (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा
• Form: indeclinable (temporal conjunction)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: indeclinable (negation)

• इच्छति: desires
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: present (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• न: nor / not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: indeclinable (negation)

• देष्टि: hates
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्विष्
• Form: present (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• ब्रह्म: Brahman / the Absolute
• ब्रह्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• सम्पद्यते: attains / becomes
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + पद्
• Form: present (laṭ), ātmanepada, 3rd person, singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा
• Form: indeclinable (correlative adverb)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Brahman

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Freedom from fear, and being non-threatening to others, together with the cessation of desire and hatred, is presented as the practical sign of realizing Brahman—inner liberation expressed as ethical harmlessness and equanimity.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and right conduct after the war, Vaiśaṃpāyana reports a teaching (attributed in the surrounding tradition to royal-sage instruction) defining the qualities of one who reaches the highest state: fearlessness, absence of causing fear, and the end of craving and enmity.