Shloka 30

Ātma-saṃyama-dharma: One-pointedness of Mind and Senses (शुक–व्यास संवादः)

Devanagari script

धर्मलब्धर्युतो दारैरग्नीनुत्पाद्य यत्नत: । द्वितीयमायुषो भागं गृहमेधी भवेद्‌ व्रती

Transliteration

dharmalabdhairyuto dārair agnīn utpādya yatnataḥ | dvitīyam āyuṣo bhāgaṁ gṛhamedhī bhaved vratī ||

Translation

毗耶娑说：既以正法之途得妻，当以谨慎之力建立家中圣火。继而守持高贵誓戒，于人生第二段——约至五十岁——作为自律的家住者（gṛhastha）而居，依达摩而治家度日。

Word by Word

• धर्मलब्ध: obtained by dharma (righteous means)
• धर्मलब्ध: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-लब्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ऋतुः: season / proper time
• ऋतुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋतु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दारैः: with (his) wife/wives
• दारैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दार
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अग्नीन्: sacred fires
• अग्नीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• उत्पाद्य: having established/produced
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत् + पद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (sense)

• यत्नतः: with effort; carefully
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्न

• द्वितीयम्: the second
• द्वितीयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वितीय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आयुषः: of life
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• भागम्: portion; part
• भागम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गृहमेधी: householder (one maintaining household rites)
• गृहमेधी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहमेधिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भवेत्: should become; should be
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• व्रती: one observing vows; disciplined person
• व्रती: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रतिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• wife (dāra)
• sacred household fires (agnayaḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches āśrama-dharma: after a righteous marriage, one should establish the sacred fires and live the disciplined householder life, observing vows and duties, for the middle portion of one’s lifespan.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Vyāsa outlines the proper conduct of the gṛhastha stage—marriage according to dharma, installation of household fires, and sustained observance of vows up to the midpoint of life.