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Shloka 14

Adhyātma-krama: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman Hierarchy and Citta-Prasāda (आध्यात्मक्रमः)

त्रेतादौ केवला वेदा यज्ञा वर्णाश्रमास्तथा । संरोधादायुषस्त्वेते व्यस्यन्ते द्वापरे युगे

tretādau kevalā vedā yajñā varṇāśramās tathā | saṃrodhād āyuṣas tv ete vyasyante dvāpare yuge ||

毗耶娑说:“在特雷塔纪之初,唯有吠陀,且为未分之整体;祭祀仪轨与种姓—住期(varṇa-āśrama)之制亦复如是。然当人寿受限、渐趋短促之时,这些便在二婆罗纪被编排并分置。”

त्रेतादौin the Tretā (age), at the beginning
त्रेतादौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता-आदि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
केवलाonly, exclusively
केवला:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकेवल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेदाःthe Vedas
वेदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यज्ञाःsacrifices
यज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वर्णाश्रमाःthe social classes and life-stages
वर्णाश्रमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्णाश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाalso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
संरोधात्from obstruction/constraint
संरोधात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंरोध
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
आयुषःof lifespan
आयुषः:
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यस्यन्तेbecome mixed/confused; get disordered
व्यस्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यस् (वि + अस्/अस्य)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
द्वापरेin the Dvāpara (age)
द्वापरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युगेin the age/epoch
युगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
T
Tretā-yuga
D
Dvāpara-yuga
V
Vedas
Y
Yajña
V
Varṇa
Ā
Āśrama

Educational Q&A

As human capacities—especially lifespan—diminish across the ages, the preservation and practice of dharma adapts: what was once held as a single, integral Vedic and ritual order becomes systematized and divided in the Dvāpara-yuga to remain accessible and workable.

Vyāsa is explaining a yuga-based account of religious and social organization: in early ages the Vedas, sacrifices, and the varṇa–āśrama framework are presented as ‘whole’ or unified, but later—specifically in Dvāpara—these are arranged into divisions in response to the shortening of human life.