Shloka 22

आत्मदर्शन-उपदेशः (Ātma-darśana Upadeśa) — Mind, Senses, and the All-pervading Self

Devanagari script

एतानि शाश्वताँललोकान्‌ धारयन्ति सनातनान्‌ | एतद्‌ ब्रह्माविदां तात विदितं ब्रह्म शाश्वतम्‌

Transliteration

etāni śāśvatāṁl lokān dhārayanti sanātanān | etad brahmāvidāṁ tāta viditaṁ brahma śāśvatam ||

Translation

这些时间的轮回支撑着永恒而太古的诸世界。孩子啊，对通达梵（Brahman）者而言，人们明白：这由诸劫（yuga）相续而成的时间本身，正是不朽常住之梵的形相。

Word by Word

• एतानि: these
• एतानि: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• शाश्वतान्: eternal
• शाश्वतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शाश्वत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• लोकान्: worlds
• लोकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• धारयन्ति: they uphold / sustain
• धारयन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सनातनान्: primeval, everlasting
• सनातनान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनातन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्मविदाम्: of the knowers of Brahman
• ब्रह्मविदाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मविद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• तात: dear one / son (term of address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• विदितम्: known / ascertained
• Type: Verb
• Root: विदित
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Past Passive Participle

• ब्रह्म: Brahman
• ब्रह्म: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शाश्वतम्: eternal
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शाश्वत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Brahman
• loka (worlds/realms)
• yuga (as implied by the contextual gloss: yuga-succession)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse identifies cosmic time—conceived as the continuous flow of yugas—as not merely a mechanism within the universe but as an expression (svarūpa) of the eternal Brahman, known to Brahman-knowers; through it the worlds are sustained.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa continues a doctrinal exposition in Śānti Parva, explaining cosmological principles: the enduring worlds are maintained by the eternal order of time, and the wise recognize this time-principle as inseparable from Brahman.