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Shloka 40

Gārhasthya-Śreṣṭhatā and Kṣatriya-Daṇḍadhāraṇa

Householder Primacy and the Royal Duty of Punishment

अब तुम शीघ्र ही बाहुदा नदीके तटपर जाकर विधिपूर्वक देवताओं, ऋषियों और पितरोंका तर्पण करो। भविष्यमें फिर कभी अधर्मकी ओर मन न ले जाना ।।

aba tvaṁ śīghraṁ hi bāhudā-nadīke taṭe para gatvā vidhipūrvakaṁ devatānāṁ ṛṣīṇāṁ ca pitr̥ṇāṁ ca tarpaṇaṁ kuru | bhaviṣyati punaḥ kadācit adharmasya or manasā na netavyam || tasya tad-vacanaṁ śrutvā śaṅkhasya likhitas tadā | avagāhya apagāṁ puṇyām udakārthaṁ pracakrame ||

商迦说道:“速往婆呼陀河岸,依次第如法向诸天、诸仙与祖灵行供水(tarpaṇa)。从今以后,切莫再让你的心转向不义(adharma)。”利弃多听罢商迦之言,便入那圣河之中,开始取水以备所规定的仪式。

तस्यof him/that
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तत्that (speech/statement)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचनम्word, statement
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Kriya (Purvakala)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
शंखस्यof Śaṅkha
शंखस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशंख
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
लिखितःLikhita (the person named), 'written' (as PPP used as a name/epithet)
लिखितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootलिखित (from √लिख्)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अवगाह्यhaving entered/bathed (in)
अवगाह्य:
Kriya (Purvakala)
TypeVerb
Rootअव-गाह् (धातु)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
अपगाम्the river (Apagā)
अपगाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपगा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पुण्याम्holy, sacred
पुण्याम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उदक-अर्थम्for water (for the purpose of water/oblations)
उदक-अर्थम्:
Prayojana (Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootउदक + अर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रचक्रमेhe set about / began / proceeded
प्रचक्रमे:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-क्रम् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular

शंख उवाच

Ś
Śaṅkha
L
Likhita
B
Bāhudā river
D
Devatās (gods)
Ṛṣis (seers)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is upheld not only by regret but by corrective action: one should perform proper purificatory/ancestral rites and, more importantly, resolve never to return to adharma. Ethical reform is shown as a firm mental commitment supported by disciplined practice.

Śaṅkha instructs Likhita to go immediately to the Bāhudā riverbank and perform tarpaṇa—water-offerings to gods, sages, and ancestors—following correct ritual procedure, and warns him not to incline toward unrighteousness again. Likhita obeys, entering the sacred river to fetch water and begin the rite.