Shloka 12

Jñāna-plava (The Raft of Knowledge): Svabhāva, Prajñā, and the Ascent to Ātmajñāna

Devanagari script

पक्‍्वविद्या महाप्राज्ञा जितक्रोधा जितेन्द्रिया: । मनसा कर्मणा वाचा नापराध्यन्ति करहिचित्‌

Transliteration

pakvavidyā mahāprājñā jitakrodhā jitendriyāḥ | manasā karmaṇā vācā nāparādhyanti karhicit ||

Translation

耆吉湿婆耶说道：学问成熟而化为真智者，见识宏深。既已降伏嗔怒、制御诸根，他们从不冒犯任何人——无论在心念、言语，还是行为上。

Word by Word

• पक्वविद्याः: those whose learning is mature
• पक्वविद्याः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पक्वविद्या
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महाप्राज्ञाः: very wise
• महाप्राज्ञाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाप्राज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जितक्रोधाः: those who have conquered anger
• जितक्रोधाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितक्रोध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जितेन्द्रियाः: those who have mastered the senses
• जितेन्द्रियाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितेन्द्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मनसा: by mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• कर्मणा: by deed/action
• कर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• वाचा: by speech
• वाचा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अपराध्यन्ति: they commit an offense (against)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अपराध्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural

• कर्हिचित्: ever/at any time
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कर्हिचित्

Speaker

जैगीषव्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Jaigiṣavya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True education is measured by character: the genuinely wise conquer anger and the senses, and therefore avoid harming or offending others in thought, word, and deed.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, the speaker Jaigiṣavya describes the qualities of the truly learned—those whose knowledge has matured into disciplined, non-offensive behavior.