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Shloka 44

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

अविश्वस्ते विश्वसिषि मन्यसे वाध्रुवे ध्रुवम्‌ । नित्यं कालपरीतात्मा भवत्येवं सुरेश्वर

aviśvaste viśvasiṣi manyase vādhruve dhruvam | nityaṁ kālaparītātmā bhavaty evaṁ sureśvara deveśvara ||

毗湿摩说道:你把信任寄托在本不可信之物上,又将不稳之物当作稳固。然此并不足怪,噢诸天之主、神圣的统御者——凡内心被“时”(时间)所制者,便会不断陷入这般颠倒的判断。

अविश्वस्तेin/with regard to the untrustworthy
अविश्वस्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअविश्वस्त (अ-विश्वस्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
विश्वसिषिyou trust
विश्वसिषि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√श्वस् (विश्वस्)
FormPresent, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
मन्यसेyou think/consider
मन्यसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√मन् (मन्य)
FormPresent, 2, Singular, Atmanepada
वाand/also (or)
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अध्रुवेin/with regard to the unstable
अध्रुवे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअध्रुव (अ-ध्रुव)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
ध्रुवम्as stable/certain
ध्रुवम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
कालपरीतात्माone whose self is overpowered by Time
कालपरीतात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकाल-परीत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
सुरेश्वरO lord of the gods
सुरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootसुर-ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देवेश्वरO lord of the gods
देवेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Sureśvara (Indra)
D
Deveśvara (Indra)
K
Kāla (Time)

Educational Q&A

Do not mistake the impermanent for permanent or the unreliable for reliable; when the mind is seized by Kāla (Time/fate), discernment becomes inverted, so one must cultivate clear judgment and detachment.

Bhishma addresses the lord of the gods (Indra), admonishing him for trusting unstable worldly power (a kingdom) and explaining that such error arises naturally when Time has taken hold of one’s inner self.