Shloka 40

कालनिर्णयः, युगधर्मवर्णनम्, सृष्टिक्रमश्च

Time-Reckoning, Yuga-Dharma, and the Sequence of Creation

Devanagari script

मां चेदभ्यागत: कालो दानवेश्वरपूजितम्‌ । गर्जन्तं प्रतपन्तं च कमन्यं नागमिष्यति

Transliteration

māṃ ced abhyāgataḥ kālo dānaveśvara-pūjitam | garjantaṃ pratapantaṃ ca kam anyaṃ nāgamiṣyati ||

Translation

若时间（迦罗，kāla）连我也降临——我曾受诸达那婆之主礼敬，曾长啸如雷，威光炽盛——那么它又岂会不临于他人？其旨昭然：无论权力、名声，抑或往昔的崇敬，都不能使任何人逃脱时间必然的触及。

Word by Word

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: common, accusative, singular

• चेत्: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चेत्

• अभ्यागतः: having come upon / arrived
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-आ-गम्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• कालः: Time; Death
• कालः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• दानवेश्वरपूजितम्: worshipped by the lords of the Dānavas
• दानवेश्वरपूजितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूजित (पूज् + क्त)
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• गर्जन्तम्: roaring
• गर्जन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: गर्ज्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• प्रतपन्तम्: scorching; displaying might
• प्रतपन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-तप्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कम्: whom?
• कम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अन्यम्: another
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• आगमिष्यति: will come/approach
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-गम्
• Form: future (लृट्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

Speaker

श॒क्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śakra (Indra)
• Kāla (Time/Death)
• Dānaveśvarāḥ (lords of the Dānavas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Time (Kāla) is irresistible and universal: even the powerful and celebrated are not exempt, so one should cultivate humility and detachment rather than pride in strength or status.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śakra (Indra) reflects on his own former glory—being honored even by demon-lords and displaying great might—yet admits that Time has overtaken him; he uses this to argue that no one else can escape Kāla.