Shloka 23
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
कर्णो शब्दक्ष॒ चित्तं च त्रयः श्रवणसंग्रहे । तथा स्पर्शे तथा रूपे तथैव रसगन्धयो:
karṇo śabdaś ca cittaṃ ca trayaḥ śravaṇa-saṅgrahe | tathā sparśe tathā rūpe tathaiva rasa-gandhayoḥ ||
毗湿摩阐明：一切知觉之生，必待三者和合——根、境与心。于听闻之时，耳根、声境与心须相会；同样，在触、色、味、香之经验中，唯有相应之根与其境相遇，并有心之参与，知觉方得生起。其伦理旨趣在于：经验与行为并非仅是外在事件，而系于内在的专注；故自制与正念的摄持，乃达摩之枢要。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Perception is produced only when three factors unite: the sense-organ, the sense-object, and the mind (citta). Therefore, ethical discipline must include governance of attention and mind, not only external restraint.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Bhishma is teaching principles of how experience arises through the senses, using hearing as the model and extending the same logic to touch, sight, taste, and smell.