Shloka 12
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
शब्द: स्पर्श च रूप॑ं च रसो गन्धश्न मूर्तय: । एते ह्यामरणात् पञज्च षड्गुणा ज्ञानसिद्धये
śabdaḥ sparśaṃ ca rūpaṃ ca raso gandhaś ca mūrtayaḥ | ete hy ā-maraṇāt pañca ṣaḍ-guṇā jñāna-siddhaye ||
毗湿摩说道：“声、触、色、味、香，以及物质之具身——此六种性质，为成就感官之知的资具，随有情运作直至命终之刻。唯有诸根与此等性质相触，方生对种种对象的差别认知。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma explains that cognition depends on the contact between the senses and their objects—sound, touch, form, taste, and smell—along with material embodiment; these function as the operative qualities enabling sensory knowledge throughout embodied life.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues his philosophical teaching to Yudhiṣṭhira, analyzing how knowledge arises through the senses and their objects as part of a broader discourse on dharma and liberation-oriented understanding.