Shloka 21

Keśava-tattva-kathana

On the Principle of Keśava: Cosmogony and Divine Epithets

Devanagari script

हाहाकारस्तथा दिक्षु सर्वेषां सुमहानभूत्‌ । तज्ज्योति:ः स्तूयमान सम ब्रह्माणं प्राविशत्‌ तदा

Transliteration

hāhākāras tathā dikṣu sarveṣāṁ sumahān abhūt | taj jyotiḥ stūyamānaṁ sam brahmāṇaṁ prāviśat tadā |

Translation

随即，四方皆起震天的喧呼。那光耀之灵，为众生所颂赞，趋近梵天；就在此刻，梵天迈步向前，以礼相迎。此景昭示：非凡的灵性威力自会引来敬仰，而正当的权威亦以应有的礼遇与承认相报。

Word by Word

• हाहाकारः: cry of distress, uproar
• हाहाकारः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हाहाकार
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• दिक्षु: in the directions
• दिक्षु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Plural

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• सुमहान्: very great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमहत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभूत्: arose, happened, became
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Aorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ज्योतिः: light, radiance
• ज्योतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्तूयमानम्: being praised
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सम्: together, fully (prefix-like adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्

• ब्रह्माणम्: Brahmā
• ब्रह्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राविशत्: entered, approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + विश्
• Form: Imperfect (past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

भीष्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Brahmā
• jyotiḥ (radiant being/light)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Extraordinary spiritual radiance (jyotiḥ) evokes spontaneous praise, and rightful cosmic authority (Brahmā) responds with proper honor—highlighting dharmic recognition of merit and the ethics of receiving a worthy guest.

What is happening in the narrative?

A great tumult rises everywhere; a luminous being, praised by all, comes into Brahmā’s presence, and Brahmā advances to welcome it respectfully.