Shloka 73
Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman
Manu’s Instruction
Devanagari script
संश्रुत्य यो न दित्सेत याचित्वा यश्च नेच्छति । उभावानृतिकावेतौ न मृषा कर्तुमहसि
Transliteration
saṁśrutya yo na ditsed yācitvā yaś ca necchati | ubhāv ānṛtikāv etau na mṛṣā kartum arhasi ||
Translation
凡许诺而不施与者，凡乞求而得之又不肯受者——二者皆为虚妄之人。故而，切莫使你的言语或我的言语落为空言。
Word by Word
संश्रुत्यhaving promised (having pledged)
संश्रुत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-श्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
दित्सेत्would give / should give
दित्सेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
याचित्वाhaving begged/asked
याचित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
इच्छतिdesires, wants
इच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्/इच्छ् (धातु)
FormLat (present indicative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अनृतिकौliars, speakers of untruth
अनृतिकौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनृतिका (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
एतौthese two
एतौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
मृषाfalsely, untruly
मृषा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमृषा (अव्यय)
कर्तुम्to do, to make
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou ought / you are fit
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह् (धातु)
FormLat (present indicative), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
ब्राह्मण उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
brāhmaṇa (speaker)Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Truthfulness is violated both by breaking a promise to give and by refusing a gift after requesting it; ethical speech requires consistency between one’s word, request, and action.
A brāhmaṇa admonishes the listener that reneging on a pledged gift or declining what one has asked for both amount to falsehood, urging the other person to keep words and actions aligned so neither party’s statement becomes untrue.