Shloka 21

सत्य–अनृत, प्रकाश–तमस्, स्वर्ग–नरक विवेचनम्

Truth and Untruth as Light and Darkness; Svarga and Naraka as Ethical Consequences

Devanagari script

अहंकारस्य यः सत्रष्टा सर्वभूतभवाय वै । यत: समभवद्‌ विश्व पृष्टो5हं यदिह त्वया

Transliteration

ahaṅkārasya yaḥ sraṣṭā sarvabhūtabhavāya vai | yataḥ samabhavad viśvaṃ pṛṣṭo ’haṃ yad iha tvayā ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“为使一切众生得以生起，创造原初我执（我慢，ahaṅkāra）者即是他；此整个宇宙亦由他而生。你在此问我世界从何而起，我如今已为你尽数说明。”

Word by Word

• अहंकारस्य: of ego (ahaṅkāra)
• अहंकारस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहंकार
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्रष्टा: creator
• स्रष्टा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्रष्टृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वभूतभवाय: for the becoming/origination of all beings
• सर्वभूतभवाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूतभव
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• यतः: from which/whence
• यतः: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद्

• समभवत्: arose/came into being
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+भू
• Form: Aorist, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विश्वम्: the universe
• विश्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• पृष्टः: having been asked
• Type: Verb
• Root: पृच्छ्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• इह: here/in this matter
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma