Shloka 43
मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169
Devanagari script
ततः स गौतमगहं प्रविवेश द्विजोत्तम: । गौतमश्नापि सम्प्राप्तस्तावन्योन्येन संगतौ
Transliteration
tataḥ sa gautamagṛhaṃ praviveśa dvijottamaḥ | gautamaś cāpi samprāptas tāv anyonyena saṅgatau ||
Translation
于是那位卓越的婆罗门走入乔达摩之家。恰在此时，乔达摩亦自狩猎归来，两人迎面相逢。
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गौतम-गृहम्Gautama's house
गौतम-गृहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम + गृह
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रविवेशentered
प्रविवेश:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विज-उत्तमःthe best of the twice-born (excellent Brahmin)
द्विज-उत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज + उत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गौतमःGautama
गौतमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सम्प्राप्तःarrived, came
सम्प्राप्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तौthose two, the two of them
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अन्योन्येनwith each other
अन्योन्येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअन्योन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
संगतौmet, came together
संगतौ:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Dual
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaG
GautamaD
dvijottama (an eminent Brahmin)G
Gautama’s houseCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse frames an ethical turning-point: a chance meeting in a householder’s home that will demand dharmic discernment—how one should act when circumstances suddenly bring competing duties, temptations, or suspicions into direct confrontation.
An eminent Brahmin enters Gautama’s residence; at the same moment Gautama arrives back from hunting. They meet each other there, initiating the next development of the episode.