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Shloka 19

मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169

व्यायामशीला सततं कुलपुत्रा: कुलोद्वहा: । दोषै: प्रमुक्ता: प्रथितास्ते ग्राह्मा: पार्थिवैर्नरा:

vyāyāmaśīlāḥ satataṃ kulaputrāḥ kulodvahāḥ | doṣaiḥ pramuktāḥ prathitās te grāhyāḥ pārthivair narāḥ ||

毗湿摩说道:“诸王应当亲近并收纳那些恒常勤于自律之功、出身良族且能承当宗族之重者;无瑕可指,并为众人所称颂。这样的人——坚定、能干、为世所敬——适宜被接纳为盟友与朋友,共襄依正法而治之业。”

व्यायामशीलाःhabitually exercising, industrious
व्यायामशीलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यायामशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसततम्
कुलपुत्राःsons of a noble family, well-born men
कुलपुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुलपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुलोद्वहाःupholders of the family line
कुलोद्वहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुलोद्वह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दोषैःby/with faults (vices)
दोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रमुक्ताःfreed, released (from)
प्रमुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-मुच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)
प्रथिताःrenowned, well-known
प्रथिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)
तेthose (they)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ग्राह्याःto be accepted/chosen
ग्राह्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootग्रह्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, ya (gerundive/नीयतव्य sense)
पार्थिवैःby kings, by rulers
पार्थिवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नराःmen
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
kings (pārthivāḥ)
M
men/persons (narāḥ)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should choose associates and friends who are disciplined and industrious, well-born and responsible, free from moral defects, and publicly reputable—because such character supports stable and righteous governance.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on royal duty, Bhishma continues advising on statecraft and ethics, specifying the kind of men a king should accept into his circle—those known for discipline, good lineage, and faultless conduct.