Shloka 19

त्रिवर्गविचारः

Tri-varga Deliberation: Dharma, Artha, Kāma

Devanagari script

अनिन्दितो हाुकामात्मा नाल्पेष्वर्थ्यनसूयक: । समुद्रकल्प: स नरो न कथंचन पूर्यते

Transliteration

anindito hi akāmatmā nālpeṣv arthy anasūyakaḥ | samudrakalpaḥ sa naro na kathaṃcana pūryate ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：自制之人，内在无所贪求，便不受指责。他不为微利而伸手，不贪恋浅薄的感官之乐，也不搜寻他人过失。此人深沉如海；正如大海纵受浩瀚之水亦不盈满，他亦永不自足——恒常积聚法（dharma），而不生自满。

Word by Word

• अनिन्दितः: blameless / not censured
• अनिन्दितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनिन्दित (निन्द् + क्त, उपसर्ग अ-)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ह: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

• अकामात्मा: one whose mind is free from desire
• अकामात्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अकामात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अल्पेषु: in small (matters/things)
• अल्पेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अल्प
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• अर्थी: desirous / seeking (gain)
• अर्थी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्थिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनसूयकः: non-envious / not fault-finding
• अनसूयकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनसूयक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समुद्रकल्पः: ocean-like
• समुद्रकल्पः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समुद्रकल्प
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: that / he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (स)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नरः: man
• नरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• कथंचन: in any way / ever
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथंचन

• पूर्यते: is filled / becomes satisfied
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूर्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive (भावे/कर्मणि प्रयोगः)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• samudra (ocean)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A truly disciplined person is free from craving, does not chase petty gains or trivial pleasures, and does not fault-find; such a person remains ever intent on increasing dharma, never becoming complacently 'full' of virtue.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous conduct; here he describes the marks of a blameless, self-restrained person using the ocean as a metaphor for inexhaustible depth and continual growth in dharma.