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Shloka 93

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

भीष्म उवाच तथा धर्मविरोधेन प्रियमिथ्याभिधायिना । श्मशानवासिना नित्यं रात्रि मृगयता नूप

bhīṣma uvāca tathā dharmavirodhena priyamithyābhidhāyinā | śmaśānavāsinā nityaṁ rātri mṛgayatā nṛpa ||

毗湿摩说道:“大王啊,那生灵常居火葬场,为遂其私计而等待夜幕降临。于是它以悦耳而虚妄、违背达摩之言,使那孩子的亲族陷于疑惧与迟疑之中。前不能进,后不得安;最终只得被迫停留。”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus; in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
धर्म-विरोधेनby opposition to dharma; by unrighteousness
धर्म-विरोधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविरोध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रिय-मिथ्या-अभिधायिनाby one who speaks pleasing falsehood
प्रिय-मिथ्या-अभिधायिना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय-मिथ्या-अभिधायिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
श्मशान-वासिनाby a dweller in the cremation-ground
श्मशान-वासिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्मशानवासिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
रात्रिम्night
रात्रिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मृगयताby one who hunts; by a hunter
मृगयता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमृगयत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (Yudhishthira, addressed as nṛpa)
C
cremation-ground (śmaśāna)
N
night (rātri)
T
the boy (implied in the narrative context)
T
the boy’s kinsmen/relatives (implied in the narrative context)

Educational Q&A

Speech that is pleasant but false—and especially speech opposed to dharma—can become a tool of harm. The verse warns that flattering deception can paralyze right action by creating hesitation and confusion, so ethical speech must be aligned with dharma, not merely with what sounds agreeable.

Bhishma describes a deceitful being (in the surrounding story, a jackal-like figure) who lives near the cremation-ground and waits for night to further its scheme. By uttering sweet-sounding lies contrary to dharma, it causes the boy’s relatives to become stuck—unable to decide whether to proceed or withdraw—until they end up remaining there.