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Shloka 43

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

स विगाढां निशां दृष्टवा सुप्ते चाण्डालपक्कणे । शनैरुत्थाय भगवान्‌ प्रविवेश कुटीमठम्‌

sa vigāḍhāṃ niśāṃ dṛṣṭvā supte cāṇḍālapakkane | śanair utthāya bhagavān praviśa kucīm aṭham ||

毗湿摩说道:见夜色已深,旃陀罗家中之人皆已沉睡,受人敬仰的圣仙毗湿瓦密多便悄然起身,进入旃陀罗的茅舍。此事凸显了一桩在隐秘中为之的、带着沉重伦理分量的有意之举,由此引出对困厄之下之法(dharma)的省思,以及社会界限与更高目的之间的张力。

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विगाढाम्deep, dense
विगाढाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविगाढ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
निशाम्night
निशाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
सुप्तेwhen (he) was asleep / in sleep
सुप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चाण्डालपक्कणेin the chāṇḍāla's dwelling/household
चाण्डालपक्कणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचाण्डालपक्कण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शनैःslowly, gently
शनैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशनैः
उत्थायhaving risen
उत्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
भगवान्the venerable one (lordly sage)
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रविवेशentered
प्रविवेश:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कुटीमठम्the hut and small dwelling (cottage)
कुटीमठम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुटीमठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
Viśvāmitra
C
Caṇḍāla
C
Caṇḍāla’s hut (kuṭī)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an action performed quietly at night, inviting reflection on how dharma may involve difficult choices where intention, necessity, and higher aims can come into tension with social norms and appearances.

After midnight, when the Caṇḍāla household has fallen asleep, the sage Viśvāmitra rises silently and enters their hut, indicating a purposeful act undertaken discreetly as the story moves toward its ethical implications.