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Shloka 32

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

कोशं दण्डं बलं॑ मित्र यदन्‍्यदपि संचितम्‌ | न कुर्वीतान्तरं राष्ट्रे राजा परिगत: क्षुधा

Bhīṣma uvāca | kośaṁ daṇḍaṁ balaṁ mitra yad anyad api sañcitam | na kurvītāntaraṁ rāṣṭre rājā parigataḥ kṣudhā ||

毗湿摩说道:即使国王为饥饿所困——为自身生计而遭艰难逼迫——也不应将国库(kośa)、刑政之权与王杖(daṇḍa)、军队、盟友,以及一切积蓄的资财从国中移出,亦不可使国中因此出现亏缺。君主的个人困厄,不可被允许削弱国家根基;否则既危及百姓,也损害依达摩而立的王道。

कोशम्treasury
कोशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दण्डम्punitive power/rod (royal authority)
दण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बलम्army/strength
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मित्रम्ally/friend
मित्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अन्यत्other (anything else)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सञ्चितम्stored/accumulated
सञ्चितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-चि
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुर्वीतshould make/do
कुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्तरम्gap/separation (withdrawal)
अन्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राष्ट्रेin the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिगतःovercome/afflicted
परिगतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past active/participial usage)
क्षुधाby hunger
क्षुधा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुध्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (king)
K
kośa (treasury)
D
daṇḍa (royal punishment/authority)
B
bala (army)
M
mitra (allies)
R
rāṣṭra (kingdom)

Educational Q&A

A king must not, even under personal hunger or financial distress, deplete or remove the kingdom’s essential supports—treasury, law-and-order authority, military strength, alliances, and stored resources—because these exist for the protection and stability of the realm and its people.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on practical ethics of rulership, warning that a ruler’s private hardship should not lead to policies that create shortages or weaken core institutions of the state.