Shloka 50
त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma
Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्न राजन्या लोकान् रक्षन्ति धर्मत: । स्थावरं जड़म॑ चैव क्षत्रिये भ्य: सनातनम्
Translation
继而，刹帝利（Kṣatriya）从婆罗门处获得执持“杖”（daṇḍa）之权，便依于法（dharma）守护一切世界。正因刹帝利之护持，这永恒的宇宙——动者与不动者——自古以来得以安然无虞。
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto/for the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
नृपाःkings
नृपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
लोकान्worlds/people
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रक्षन्तिprotect
रक्षन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
धर्मतःaccording to dharma / righteously
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म
Formtasil-avyaya (ablatival adverb)
स्थावरम्the immovable (creation)
स्थावरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थावर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जङ्गमम्the movable (creation)
जङ्गमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजङ्गम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
क्षत्रियेभ्यःfrom the Kshatriyas
क्षत्रियेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
सनातनम्eternal/ancient
सनातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
वसुहरोम उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes