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Shloka 17

Adhyāya 115: On Restraint Under Verbal Provocation in the Assembly (सभायां आक्रोश-सहिष्णुता)

मनुष्यशालावृकमप्रशान्तं जनापवादे सतत निविष्टम्‌ । मातड्मुन्मत्तमिवोन्नदन्तं त्यजेत तं श्वानमिवातिरौद्रम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | manuṣyaśālāvṛkam apraśāntaṁ janāpavāde satataṁ niviṣṭam | mātaṅga-unmattam ivonnadantaṁ tyajeta taṁ śvānām ivātiraudram ||

毗湿摩说:那恒常沉溺于毁谤众人的人,犹如住在“人身之宅”中的狼——永不安宁。像醉象般咆哮,像凶犬般扑上去咬。高贵之人应当彻底远离此人。

मनुष्यशालावृकम्a wolf in the human-house (i.e., dwelling in a human body/among men)
मनुष्यशालावृकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य-शाला-वृक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अप्रशान्तम्unpacified, restless
अप्रशान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रशान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनापवादेin slander of people / in public censure
जनापवादे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन-अपवाद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सततम्constantly
सततम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
निविष्टम्seated/engaged/absorbed (in)
निविष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विश्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
मातङ्गम्an elephant
मातङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातङ्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उन्मत्तम्maddened, intoxicated
उन्मत्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउन्मत्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उन्नदन्तम्roaring, bellowing, crying out
उन्नदन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-नद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
त्यजेतshould abandon
त्यजेत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्that (person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्वानम्a dog
श्वानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अतिरौद्रम्exceedingly fierce/terrible
अतिरौद्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिरौद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
W
wolf (vṛka)
E
elephant (mātaṅga)
D
dog (śvāna)

Educational Q&A

Persistent slander is portrayed as predatory and destructive; the ethical instruction is that a virtuous person should avoid and abandon those who habitually malign others, since such company undermines peace, character, and dharma.

In Bhishma’s discourse on righteous conduct in the Shanti Parva, he warns about a particular harmful type of person—the habitual slanderer—using vivid animal similes (wolf, mad elephant, savage dog) to stress the danger and the need for deliberate avoidance.