Shloka 34

वर्तमाने तदा युद्धे निर्मय्यादे विशाम्पते । चतुरड्डक्षये घोरे पूर्वदेवासुरोपमे,प्रजानाथ! परंतप! प्राचीन देवासुर-संग्रामके समान चतुरंगिणी सेनाका विनाश करनेवाला वह मर्यादाशून्य घोर युद्ध जब चलने लगा; तब भयसे पीड़ित हुए कितने ही सैनिक अपने बन्धु-बान्धवोंको पुकारने लगे और बहुत-से योद्धा प्रियजनोंके पुकारनेपर भी पीछे नहीं लौटते थे

sañjaya uvāca | vartamāne tadā yuddhe nirmaryāde viśāmpate | caturaṅgakṣaye ghore pūrvadevāsuropame |

三阇耶说道:“噢,民之主!当那场战斗展开之时——凶烈无度——摧毁四部军(步、马、车、象),宛如古昔天神与阿修罗之战;许多战士为恐惧所逼,呼唤亲族与同伴;然而也有许多斗士,即便听见至亲挚爱呼唤,亦不肯回身退却。”

वर्तमानेwhile proceeding/being in progress
वर्तमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान (वृत् धातु, शतृ-प्रत्यय)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
युद्धेin the battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निर्मर्यादेin the lawless/limitless (battle)
निर्मर्यादे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मर्याद
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चतुरङ्गक्षयेin the destruction of the fourfold army
चतुरङ्गक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचतुरङ्ग-क्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
घोरेin the terrible (battle)
घोरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पूर्वदेवासुरोपमेlike the ancient war of gods and asuras
पूर्वदेवासुरोपमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व-देव-असुर-उपम
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रजानाथO lord of creatures/subjects
प्रजानाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा-नाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāmpati)
C
caturaṅgiṇī senā (fourfold army)
D
devas
A
asuras

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war, once it becomes nirmaryāda—unbounded by restraint—overwhelms ordinary human ties: fear drives some to cry out for family, while others, bound by martial resolve or fatal momentum, refuse to retreat even at loved ones’ calls. It implicitly contrasts personal attachment with the harsh compulsions of kṣatriya warfare and the ethical collapse that accompanies total battle.

Sañjaya describes to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the battle’s escalation into a dreadful, limit-transgressing slaughter that devastates the fourfold armies, likened to primordial deva–asura conflicts. Amid the chaos, many soldiers panic and call for relatives, yet many combatants continue fighting without turning back.