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Shloka 46

अपक्रम्य तु ते तूर्ण तस्मादायोधनान्नूप । शोकसंविग्नमनसश्रिन्ताध्यानपराभवन्‌

sañjaya uvāca | apakramya tu te tūrṇaṃ tasmād āyodhanān nṛpa | śokasaṃvignamanasaś cintādhyānaparābhavan ||

三阇耶说道:“大王啊,那些人心为悲痛所震,迅速从战场退去。哀伤压顶,他们沉入惶惶的思虑之中——思量当作何为,亦思量此刻在战争废墟间,义务之法(达摩)究竟要求什么。”

अपक्रम्यhaving withdrawn/retreated
अपक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-क्रम्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), कर्तरि, पूर्वकाल (absolutive)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
तस्मात्from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
आयोधनात्from the battlefield
आयोधनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआयोधन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शोक-संविग्न-मनसःwhose minds were agitated by grief
शोक-संविग्न-मनसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चिन्ता-ध्यान-पराःintent on reflection and anxious thought
चिन्ता-ध्यान-पराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभवन्they became/were
अभवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलङ् (Imperfect), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
नर-ईश्वरO lord of men (king)
नर-ईश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Ā
āyodhana (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

Even in the midst of war, intense grief can force a pause that turns warriors from action to reflection. The verse highlights a moral-psychological moment: withdrawal is not merely tactical, but an ethical and emotional reckoning—cintā and dhyāna about what duty (kartavya) now demands after devastating events.

Sanjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the (previously mentioned) warriors quickly leave the battlefield. Their minds are shaken by sorrow, and they become absorbed in anxious contemplation, indicating a temporary break in combat driven by grief and deliberation.