Shloka 42

Devanagari script

ते द्रोणपुत्रमासाद्य यथावृत्तं नयवेदयन्‌,उन संदेशवाहकोंने आकर द्रोणपुत्र अश्वत्थामासे यथावत्‌ समाचार कह सुनाया। भारत! गदायुद्धमें भीमसेनका जैसा व्यवहार हुआ तथा राजाको जिस प्रकार धराशायी किया गया, वह सारा वृत्तान्त द्रोणपुत्रको बताकर दुःखसे संतप्त हो वे बहुत देरतक चिन्तामें डूबे रहे। फिर शोकसे व्याकुलचित्त एवं आर्त होकर जैसे आये थे वैसे चले गये

Transliteration

te droṇaputram āsādya yathāvṛttaṃ nyavedayan |

Translation

三阇耶说：那些使者走近德罗那之子（阿湿婆他摩），将事情原原本本、毫无遗漏地禀告——毗摩塞那在棍棒决斗中如何行事，以及国王如何被击倒。因所传之事而悲恸，他们良久沉陷于忧惧的思虑；继而心为哀伤与苦痛所压倒，便如来时一般离去。

Word by Word

तेthey

द्रोणपुत्रम्Drona's son (Ashvatthaman)

आसाद्यhaving approached

यथाas, according to

वृत्तम्the event, what happened

न्यवेदयन्they reported, informed

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Droṇaputra (Aśvatthāmā)

Bhīmasena

the king (Duryodhana, in the context of the mace-fight)

messengers (saṃdeśavāhakāḥ)

gadā (mace)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how the moral weight of wartime conduct persists beyond the battlefield: actions in combat (especially those seen as improper) generate grief, agitation, and further escalation. It underscores the ethical scrutiny of kṣatriya behavior and the psychological consequences of adharma-perceived acts.

What is happening in the narrative?

Messengers arrive to Aśvatthāmā and narrate the events of the mace-duel—Bhīma’s manner of fighting and the king’s being brought down. After delivering the report, they remain absorbed in sorrowful reflection for a time and then depart, leaving Aśvatthāmā with the grim news.