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Shloka 45

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

महाराज! जब जगत्‌में उस धूलसे अन्धकार छा गया और पृथ्वीपर बाण-ही-बाण बिछ गया, उस समय आपके सैनिक भयके मारे सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंमें भाग गये ।। भज्यमानेषु सर्वेषु कुरुराजो विशाम्पते । परेषामात्मनश्वैव सैन्ये ते समुपाद्रवत्‌

sañjaya uvāca | bhajyamāneṣu sarveṣu kururājo viśāmpate | pareṣām ātmanaś caiva sainye te samupādravat ||

三阇耶说道:“人中之主啊,当那尘土使世界昏暗,大地又遍布箭矢之时,你的士卒因恐惧而向四方奔逃。及至诸军尽皆溃散之际,俱卢之王见敌阵与己军同陷骚乱,便奋然前驱,直入你的军中。”

भज्यमानेषुwhen (they were) being broken/defeated
भज्यमानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootभज्
Formशानच् (लट्-प्रत्ययार्थे), कर्मणि, पुं, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
सर्वेषुin all (of them)
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formपुं, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
कुरुराजःthe Kuru-king
कुरुराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुराज
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
Formपुं, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
परेषाम्of the enemies/others
परेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootपर
Formपुं, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
आत्मनःof himself/one's own
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formपुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सैन्येin the army
सैन्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formनपुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formपुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन
समुपाद्रवत्rushed/ran about; was thrown into confusion
समुपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-आ-√द्रु
Formलङ्, परस्मैपद, प्रथम, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāmpate)
K
Kuru king (Kururāja; Duryodhana in Shalya Parva context)
K
Kaurava army
E
enemy army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical pressure of kṣatriya leadership in war: when troops break in fear, the ruler is expected to confront danger directly and attempt to restore order, even amid collapse.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava forces are being routed; in response, the Kuru king (Duryodhana) rushes forward into the army, facing both the enemy and the disarray within his own ranks.