Shloka 38

Śalya–Bhīma Gadā-saṃnipāta and Śalya’s Bāṇa-jāla against Yudhiṣṭhira

Book 9, Chapter 11

Devanagari script

धृष्टद्युम्न॑ कृप: क्रुद्धो बाणवर्षैरपीडयत्‌ । द्रौपदेयांश्व शकुनिर्यमौ च द्रौणिरभ्ययात्‌

Transliteration

dhṛṣṭadyumnaṃ kṛpaḥ kruddho bāṇavarṣair apīḍayat | draupadeyāṃś ca śakunir yamau ca drauṇir abhyayāt ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：克利帕怒火中烧，以箭雨猛攻德里什塔杜姆那，使其备受折磨。沙昆尼上前迎战德劳帕蒂之子，而德罗那之子阿湿婆他曼则冲向双生兄弟那库拉与萨诃提婆。

Word by Word

• धृष्टद्युम्नम्: Dhrishtadyumna (as object)
• धृष्टद्युम्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• कृपः: Kripa
• कृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past participle)

• बाणवर्षैः: with showers of arrows
• बाणवर्षैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाणवर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अपि: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• अपीडयत्: tormented/afflicted
• Type: Verb
• Root: पीड्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• द्रौपदेयान्: the sons of Draupadi
• द्रौपदेयान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौपदेय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शकुनिः: Shakuni
• शकुनिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकुनि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यमौ: the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva)
• यमौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• द्रौणिः: Drauni (Ashvatthaman)
• द्रौणिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभ्ययात्: attacked/advanced against
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, अभि

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
• Śakuni
• Draupadeyas (sons of Draupadī)
• Nakula
• Sahadeva
• Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman)
• arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) escalates violence and narrows moral vision in war: senior warriors and tacticians focus on crippling leaders and heirs, showing the ethical deterioration that prolonged conflict brings even among the renowned.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports simultaneous assaults: Kṛpa, furious, overwhelms Dhṛṣṭadyumna with arrow-showers; Śakuni moves against the Draupadeyas; and Aśvatthāman (Droṇa’s son) charges the twin brothers Nakula and Sahadeva.