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Shloka 105

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

अपने सगे सम्बन्धियोंको भी छोड़कर सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंमें भागते हुए योद्धाओंके नाम और गोत्रको पुकार-पुकारकर लोग परस्पर बुला रहे थे। कितने ही मनुष्य हाहाकार करते हुए धरतीपर पड़ गये थे ।।

tān buddhvā raṇamatto ’sau droṇaputro vyapothayat | tatrāpare vadhyamānā muhur muhur acetasaḥ ||

三阇耶说道:人们彼此呼唤,连声喊着那些四散奔逃的战士的姓名与宗族,纵然他们已弃下至亲。许多人在哀号中倒伏于地。洞悉此情后,德罗那之子——被战斗的狂热所驱使——将他们击杀。其处又有他人遭屠戮;他们一次又一次失却神志,被恐惧与混乱所吞没。

तान्those (men/warriors)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood/knowing
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
रणमत्तःmaddened in battle
रणमत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरणमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असौthat (man), he
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (pronoun stem)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रोणपुत्रःDrona's son (Ashvatthaman)
द्रोणपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यपोथयत्struck down/beat/overpowered
व्यपोथयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यपोथय् (वि + अप + उथ/ओथ? causative stem in usage)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वध्यमानाःbeing slain
वध्यमानाः:
TypeVerb
Rootवध्यमान
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
मुहुःrepeatedly
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
अचेतसःsenseless/unconscious
अचेतसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअचेतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇaputra (Aśvatthāmā)
D
Droṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how unchecked rage and battle-intoxication erase discernment and restraint, leading to adharma—especially in a night assault where the vulnerable are cut down and fear drives people into senselessness.

Sañjaya describes Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa’s son) attacking and felling fleeing warriors; amid the slaughter, many repeatedly lose consciousness or become mentally stunned from terror.