Shloka 843
Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Pāṇḍavānāṃ Vanavāsa-prasthānaḥ; Duḥśāsana-nindā; Pāṇḍava-pratijñāḥ
Devanagari script
तस्मात् सत्यं ब्रुवन् साक्षी धर्मार्थाभ्यां न हीयते । झूठ बोलनेवाला मनुष्य उन सभी दु:खोंका भागी होता है। समक्ष दर्शन
Transliteration
tasmāt satyaṃ bruvan sākṣī dharmārthābhyāṃ na hīyate |
Translation
因此，说真话的证人不致背离达摩与阿尔塔（正法与正当的福祉）。说谎之人将分担那一切苦果；因为“证人”之所以称为证人，正因其亲见、亲闻并能记持——故而，秉实而言的证人，永不被剥夺正义与应得的昌盛。
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
सत्यंtruth
सत्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ब्रुवन्speaking/saying
ब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
साक्षीa witness
साक्षी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाक्षिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धर्मार्थाभ्याम्by/with dharma and artha
धर्मार्थाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मार्थ
Formmasculine, instrumental, dual
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
हीयतेis diminished/is deprived
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, third, singular, passive/mediopassive (loss is undergone)
Speaker
कश्यप उवाच
Characters & Entities
क
कश्यप (Kaśyapa)स
साक्षी (witness)Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
A witness must speak truthfully: truthful testimony safeguards one’s dharma and artha, while false testimony makes one complicit in the resulting suffering and injustice.
Kaśyapa is instructing on the moral duty of a ‘sākṣī’ (witness), defining a witness as one who has directly seen, heard, and retained the facts, and emphasizing that such a person must speak the truth.