Shloka 19

अक्षदेवन-प्रवर्तनम् | Commencement of the Dice Game

Devanagari script

धृष्टद्युम्न: पाण्डवाश्व॒ सात्यकि: केशवोडष्टम: । सत्त्वस्था वीर्यसम्पन्ना हाुन्योन्यप्रियदर्शना:

Transliteration

dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pāṇḍavāś ca sātyakiḥ keśavo ’ṣṭamaḥ | sattvasthā vīryasampannā hy anyonyapriyadarśanāḥ ||

Translation

杜尤陀那说道：“德里什塔丢姆那、五位般度子、萨提亚基，以及第八位——凯沙瓦（奎师那），唯有他们以坚定无畏之心屹立不动。他们皆具勇武，并以亲爱与善意相待。”

Word by Word

• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डवाः: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सात्यकिः: Satyaki
• सात्यकिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• केशवः: Keshava (Krishna)
• केशवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अष्टमः: the eighth
• अष्टमः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अष्टम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्त्वस्थाः: steadfast, firm in courage
• सत्त्वस्थाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्त्वस्थ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वीर्यसम्पन्नाः: endowed with valor
• वीर्यसम्पन्नाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर्यसम्पन्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अन्योन्यप्रियदर्शनाः: pleasing to one another (mutually dear)
• अन्योन्यप्रियदर्शनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्योन्यप्रियदर्शन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Pāṇḍavas
• Sātyaki
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical strength of steadfastness and mutual goodwill: true power is not only martial valor (vīrya) but also inner composure (sattva) and loyal, harmonious cooperation among allies.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana points out a select group—Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the five Pāṇḍavas, Sātyaki, and Kṛṣṇa—who remain firm and united, emphasizing their courage, capability, and mutual affection as a cohesive force.