Shloka 7

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

Devanagari script

प्रत्यक्षदर्शी लोकस्य तिर्यगूर्ध्यमधस्तथा । सांख्ययोगविभागज्ञो निर्विवित्सु: सुरासुरान्‌ू

Transliteration

pratyakṣadarśī lokasya tiryagūrdhvamadhastathā | sāṅkhyayogavibhāgajño nirvivitsuḥ surāsurān |

Translation

毗舍波耶那说道：他于一切维度中亲见世间——横贯其间，上达其上，下及其下。明了数论（Sāṅkhya）与瑜伽（Yoga）之分，他不生与诸天或阿修罗争胜之欲，超然于竞逐与支配之心。

Word by Word

• प्रत्यक्षदर्शी: directly-seeing; eyewitness
• प्रत्यक्षदर्शी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रत्यक्षदर्शिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• लोकस्य: of the world/people
• लोकस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तिर्यक्: horizontally; across
• तिर्यक्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तिर्यक्

• ऊर्ध्वम्: upwards
• ऊर्ध्वम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऊर्ध्व

• अधः: downwards; below
• अधः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधस्

• तथा: and so; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• सांख्ययोगविभागज्ञः: knower of the distinctions between Sāṅkhya and Yoga
• सांख्ययोगविभागज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सांख्य-योग-विभाग-ज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निर्विवित्सुः: desiring to know/ascertain (fully)
• निर्विवित्सुः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्विवित्सु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुरासुरान्: gods and demons
• सुरासुरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर-असुर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• sura (devas)
• asura

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse praises a person of direct, comprehensive insight who understands the distinction between Sāṅkhya (discriminative knowledge) and Yoga (disciplined realization), and who therefore does not seek rivalry even with the highest powers (gods and demons). Ethically, it elevates inner clarity and non-competitiveness over domination.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is describing a figure’s qualities: all-directional, direct perception of the world; doctrinal discernment regarding Sāṅkhya and Yoga; and a temperament free from the urge to contend with powerful beings. The line functions as character-enrichment, highlighting spiritual maturity and restraint.