Shloka 21

दुर्योधनस्य बलिवर्णनम् — Duryodhana’s Description of Tribute at the Rājasūya

Devanagari script

अनेकाग्रं तु तं दृष्टवा शकुनि: प्रत्यभाषत । दुर्योधन कुतोमूलं नि:श्वसन्निव गच्छसि

Transliteration

anekāgraṃ tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā śakuniḥ pratyabhāṣata | duryodhana kuto-mūlaṃ niḥśvasann iva gacchasi ||

Translation

见他被诸般忧思扰乱、心神不定，沙昆尼便开口问道：“都利约陀那，你这悲苦从何而起，竟使你一路行走，仿佛长长叹息不止？”

Word by Word

• अनेकाग्रम्: distracted; having many points (of thought)
• अनेकाग्रम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनेकाग्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• शकुनिः: Shakuni
• शकुनिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकुनि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रत्यभाषत: addressed; spoke to
• Type: Verb
• Root: भाष्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, प्रति,अभि

• दुर्योधन: O Duryodhana
• दुर्योधन: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कुतः: from where/whence
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुतः

• मूलम्: root; cause
• मूलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• निःश्वसन्: sighing; breathing out
• निःश्वसन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-श्वस्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• गच्छसि: you go/are going
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present (लट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Śakuni
• Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Unchecked mental agitation—fed by envy and desire—reveals itself as visible distress; wise or crafty counselors probe the ‘root cause’ because inner motives shape outward action and future ethical choices.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Śakuni notices Duryodhana walking while distracted and sighing, and he questions him about the origin of his grief—setting up a counsel-driven turn in the court’s political intrigue.