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Shloka 85

स्वमायुथं चोपनिकीर्य भूतले धनुश्न कृत्वा सगुणं गुणाधिक: । समार्दयत्तावजितौ नरोत्तमौ शरोत्तमैद्रौणिरविध्यदन्तिकात्‌

svamāyuthaṃ copanikīrya bhūtale dhanuḥ kṛtvā saguṇaṃ guṇādhikaḥ | samārdayattāv ajitau narottamau śarottamair drauṇir avidhyad antikāt ||

他将自己的武器掷于地上,德罗那之子——技艺超群——迅速为弓上弦。随即在近距离内,他以精良箭矢开始紧逼并射伤那两位从未被征服的至上之人:奎师那与阿周那。此景表明,在战争的狂怒中,武勇与不息的执拗被转用于伤害,甚至指向最受护佑、最具正义的英雄,显露出武名荣耀背后阴沉的道德代价。

स्वown
स्व:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
मायुथम्weapon/armament (equipment)
मायुथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमायुथ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपनिकीर्यhaving thrown down / having cast
उपनिकीर्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-नि-√कॄ (किरति/किर्)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Active
भूतलेon the ground
भूतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृत्वाhaving made / having done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
सगुणम्with the bowstring (strung)
सगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस-गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गुणाधिकःmore excellent / superior in qualities
गुणाधिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुण-अधिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समार्दयत्he afflicted / he pained
समार्दयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√मृद् (मर्दयति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Active
तौthose two
तौ:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
अजितौunconquered
अजितौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-जित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
नरोत्तमौthe two best of men
नरोत्तमौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर-उत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
शरोत्तमैःwith excellent arrows
शरोत्तमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर-उत्तम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्रौणिःDrauni (Ashvatthaman)
द्रौणिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अविध्यत्he pierced / struck
अविध्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√व्यध् (विध्यति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Active
अन्तिकात्from near at hand / at close range
अन्तिकात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तिक
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

कर्ण उवाच

A
Aśvatthāmā (Drauṇi)
D
Droṇa
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
B
bowstring (guṇa)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh moral landscape of war: extraordinary skill and determination can be directed toward harming even the most eminent and protected figures. It invites reflection on how martial excellence, when driven by enmity and battlefield necessity, intensifies suffering and tests the boundaries of dharma.

Aśvatthāmā (Drauṇi) discards his weapon/gear onto the ground, quickly strings his bow, and from close range showers Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna with superb arrows, harassing and wounding them despite their reputation as unconquered heroes.