Shloka 426

Devanagari script

उत्थाय तस्माच्छयनादुवाच पार्थ ततो दुःखपरीतचेता: । इस प्रकार जानेके लिये उद्यत हो राजा युधिष्ठिरके चरण छूकर उद्दीप्त तेजवाले किरीटधारी अर्जुन उठ खड़े हुए। इधर अपने भाई अर्जुनका पूर्वोक्तरूपसे कठोर वचन सुनकर पाण्घुपुत्र धर्मराज युधिष्ठिर दुःखसे व्याकुलचित्त होकर उस शय्यासे उठ गये और अर्जुनसे इस प्रकार बोले--

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

utthāya tasmāc chayanād uvāca pārtha tato duḥkhaparītacetāḥ |

Translation

三阇耶说：于是，忧苦充塞其心的坚战（由提施提罗）从榻上起身，对帕尔塔（阿周那）开口说道。此时正值战乱，兄弟之义与正法之责相互牵扯：他听过阿周那先前严厉之言，心神震动，却仍须以克制与担当作答，在个人伤痛与危局中应守的正行之间求得平衡。

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'sañjaya uvāca', 'definition': 'Sañjaya said (narrator’s framing formula)'}, {'term': 'utthāya', 'definition': 'having risen

• getting up'}, {'term': 'tasmāt', 'definition': 'from that

• thence'}, {'term': 'śayanāt', 'definition': 'from the bed/couch

• from the resting place'}, {'term': 'uvāca', 'definition': 'said

• spoke'}, {'term': 'pārtha', 'definition': 'O son of Pṛthā

• Arjuna (vocative)'}, {'term': 'tataḥ', 'definition': 'then

• thereafter'}, {'term': 'duḥkha', 'definition': 'sorrow

• distress'}, {'term': 'parīta', 'definition': 'surrounded, overcome, pervaded'}, {'term': 'cetāḥ (cetas)', 'definition': 'mind

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja, Pāṇḍuputra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in the heat of war and personal insult, a righteous leader must respond from dharma rather than from wounded pride. The verse highlights inner discipline: grief may arise, but speech and action should be guided by responsibility toward family, army, and moral order.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Arjuna’s earlier severe words, Yudhiṣṭhira is deeply distressed. He rises from his couch and addresses Arjuna, setting up a tense exchange where fraternal bonds, duty, and the pressures of the battlefield collide.