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Shloka 73

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

हन्यामहं केशव तं प्रसहा भीमो हन्यात्‌ तूबरकेति चोक्त: । तन्मे राजा प्रोक्तवांस्ते समक्ष॑ धनुर्देहीत्यसकृद्‌ वृष्णिवीर

arjuna uvāca | hanyām ahaṃ keśava taṃ prasahā bhīmo hanyāt tūbaraketi coktaḥ | tan me rājā proktavāṃs te samakṣaṃ dhanur dehīty asakṛd vṛṣṇivīra ||

阿周那说:“噢,凯沙瓦!若有人对我说出那样的话,我必以强力将其击杀;毗摩也会杀死任何称他为‘图巴拉卡’(无须者)的人。因为国王(坚战)在你面前——噢,弗利什尼族的勇士——一再对我说:‘把你的弓交给别人。’”

हन्याम्I should kill / would kill
हन्याम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
केशवO Keshava
केशव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रसहाforcibly, by force
प्रसहा:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रसह (अव्ययभावे)
Formtrue
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हन्यात्would/should kill
हन्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तूबरकO Tūbaraka (address)
तूबरक:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootतूबरक
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus, ‘so’
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formtrue
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
उक्तःsaid, spoken
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me / of me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Dative/Genitive, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रोक्तवान्has said / said
प्रोक्तवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → प्रोक्तवत् (कृदन्त)
FormPerfective past periphrastic/possessive participle (क्तवत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you / your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
समक्षम्in the presence (of), before
समक्षम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमक्ष
Formtrue
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
देहिgive!
देहि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormLot, Imperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formtrue
असकृत्repeatedly
असकृत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसकृत्
Formtrue
वृष्णि-वीरO hero of the Vrishnis
वृष्णि-वीर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्णि + वीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दशार्ह-कुल-नन्दनO delight of the Dasharha clan
दशार्ह-कुल-नन्दन:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदशार्ह + कुल + नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Kṛṣṇa (Keśava, Vṛṣṇivīra)
B
Bhīma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (the king)
G
Gāṇḍīva (implied by context: Arjuna’s bow)
B
Bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how rigid vows tied to personal honor can collide with dharma when spoken words provoke violence. It implicitly raises the ethical question: should one be bound to a rash vow, or should restraint and discernment override pride—especially among allies in a righteous cause.

Arjuna tells Kṛṣṇa that he has a vow to kill anyone who orders him to give away his bow, and he notes a similar vow of Bhīma regarding an insulting epithet. He then points out that Yudhiṣṭhira has repeatedly told him—right in Kṛṣṇa’s presence—to give away his bow, creating a dangerous moral and emotional crisis within the Pāṇḍava camp.