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Shloka 3

Karṇa-vadha-pratyaya: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Verification of Karṇa’s Fall (कर्णवध-प्रत्ययः)

संजय उवाच तदास्थितमवज्ञाय प्रत्यमित्रबलं महत्‌ । अव्यूहतार्जुनो व्यूहं पुत्रस्य तव दुर्नये

sañjaya uvāca | tadā sthitam avajñāya pratyamitrabalaṁ mahat | avyūhatārjuno vyūhaṁ putrasya tava durnaye ||

三阇耶说道:当时,阿周那见敌军以强大兵力列阵在前,丝毫不敢轻视;因你之子施行失策之政,他也随即将己方军队布置成战阵,以备交锋。

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
आस्थितम्arrayed/standing (in position)
आस्थितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अवज्ञायhaving disregarded
अवज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-ज्ञा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
प्रति-अमित्र-बलम्the opposing enemy-force
प्रति-अमित्र-बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्यामित्रबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महत्great, vast
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अव्यूहतdrew up/formed (an array)
अव्यूहत:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ऊह (व्यूह)
FormImperfect, Third, Singular
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यूहम्battle-array/formation
व्यूहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यूह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रस्यof (your) son
पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
दुर्नयेin/through evil policy; misconduct
दुर्नये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्नय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana implied)
E
enemy army (pratyamitrabala)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights prudent responsibility in conflict: one should neither underestimate an adversary nor act from arrogance. It also points to the ethical cost of 'durnaya'—misguided, unrighteous policy—whose consequences compel others to respond with disciplined preparedness.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, seeing the enemy forces arrayed in great strength, Arjuna organized his own side into a battle formation. This is framed as a response to the flawed strategy and conduct of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son, which has driven events toward confrontation.