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Shloka 16

कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः

Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge

आ मत्स्येभ्य: कुरुपज्चालदेश्या आ नैमिषाच्चेदयो ये विशिष्टा: । धर्म पुराणमुपजीवन्ति सन्‍्तो मद्रानृते पाउ्चनदांश्व जिह्मान्‌,'भिन्न-भिन्न देशोंमें बाहीकनिवासियोंको छोड़कर प्राय: सर्वत्र श्रेष्ठ पुरुष उपलब्ध होते हैं। मत्स्यसे लेकर कुरु और पांचाल देशतक, नैमिषारण्यसे लेकर चेदिदेशतक जो लोग निवास करते हैं, वे सभी श्रेष्ठ एवं साधु पुरुष हैं और प्राचीन धर्मका आश्रय लेकर जीवननिर्वाह करते हैं। मद्र और पंचनद प्रदेशोंमें ऐसी बात नहीं है। वहाँके लोग कुटिल होते हैं!

ā matsyebhyaḥ kurupañcāladeśyā ā naimiṣāc cedayo ye viśiṣṭāḥ | dharma-purāṇam upajīvanti santaḥ madrān ṛte pañcanadāṁś ca jihmān ||

迦尔纳说道:“除摩陀罗人与五河之地(般阇那陀)之民外,贤良之士几乎处处可见。自摩蹉至俱卢与般遮罗之境,自奈弥沙至支提诸国——居其间者皆卓异而有德,凭依古老的达摩以维生。然而在摩陀罗与五河之地却非如此;彼处之人行止狡曲。”

up to; as far as
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मत्स्येभ्यःfrom the Matsyas (country/people)
मत्स्येभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
कुरु-पाञ्चाल-देश्याःthe inhabitants of the Kuru and Pañcāla regions
कुरु-पाञ्चाल-देश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
up to; as far as
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नैमिषात्from Naimiṣa (Naimiṣāraṇya)
नैमिषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनैमिष
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
चेदयःthe Cedis (people of Cedi)
चेदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विशिष्टाःdistinguished; excellent
विशिष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्म-पुराणम्ancient dharma; the old tradition of righteousness
धर्म-पुराणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुराण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपजीवन्तिthey live by; they subsist on
उपजीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-जीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सन्तःgood people; the virtuous
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मद्रान्the Madras (people of Madra)
मद्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋतेexcept; without
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
पाञ्चनदान्the Pañcanadas (people of the five-rivers region)
पाञ्चनदान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चनद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जिह्मान्crooked; deceitful
जिह्मान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजिह्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
M
Matsya
K
Kuru
P
Panchala
N
Naimisha (Naimisharanya)
C
Cedi (Chedi)
M
Madra
P
Panchnada (Pañcanada)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts communities said to uphold ‘ancient dharma’ with those portrayed as morally ‘crooked,’ using geography to frame a claim about ethical conduct and social reputation.

Karna is speaking and makes a sweeping assessment of different regions and peoples, praising many as virtuous adherents of old dharma while explicitly excluding the Madras and the Panchnada region, whom he condemns as deceitful.