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Shloka 48

Śalya’s Objection to Sārathya and Duryodhana’s Conciliation (शल्यमन्यु-प्रशमनम् / Sārathyāṅgīkāra)

तमब्रवीत्तत: कर्णो व्यर्थ व्याहृतवानसि । वदेदानीं पुनर्हष्टो वध्यमान: पुन: पुन:

tam abravīt tataḥ karṇo vyarthaṁ vyāhṛtavān asi | vadedānīṁ punar hṛṣṭo vadhyamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ||

三阇耶说道:于是迦尔那对纳俱罗说:“你先前的夸口尽是虚言,徒然自矜。如今你一再被我的箭矢击倒,还能否再以同样的狂喜与自信,把那些话重说一遍?从今日起,莫再与强盛的俱卢勇士交战。孩子啊,只与与自己相当者对阵。摩德丽之子,不必羞惭;若你愿意,便回家去,或逃到奎师那与法尔古那(阿周那)所在之处。”说罢,迦尔那竟饶过纳俱罗,放他离去。

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यर्थम्in vain
व्यर्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootव्यर्थ
व्याहृतवान्have spoken/uttered
व्याहृतवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्याहृ
FormKta-vat (past active participle used periphrastically), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
वदspeak/say
वद:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदानीम्now
इदानीम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदानीम्
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
हृष्टःdelighted
हृष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वध्यमानःbeing slain/being struck down
वध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवध्यमान
FormPresent passive participle (Śatṛ/Śānac in passive sense), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
N
Nakula
P
Pāṇḍu (as 'Pāṇḍukumāra')
M
Mādrī (as 'Mādrīkumar')
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna
K
Kaurava warriors
A
arrows

Educational Q&A

The passage contrasts empty boasting with the reality of martial competence, and shows a complex warrior ethic: Karṇa humiliates Nakula verbally yet refrains from killing him, implying a code where victory may be asserted without necessarily taking life, and where one is urged to measure oneself against equals.

During the battle, Karṇa overpowers Nakula with repeated arrow-strikes, rebukes him for earlier bravado, advises him to avoid stronger Kaurava champions and to seek safety near Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, and then releases him instead of finishing him.