Shloka 48

नारायणास्त्र-शमनं द्रौणि-प्रहारश्च

Pacification of the Nārāyaṇāstra and Drauni’s Renewed Assault

Devanagari script

अवधीत्‌ समरे पुत्र पिता भरतसत्तम

Transliteration

avadhīt samare putraḥ pitā bharatasattama

Translation

三阇耶说：在鏖战最激烈之处，儿子竟杀了父亲，噢，婆罗多族中最卓越者——此乃对天伦本分的彻底颠倒，显见战争如何逼使骨肉行出违逆常伦道德之事。

Word by Word

• अवधीत्: killed, slew
• Type: Verb
• Root: वध्
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम, एकवचनम्

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• पुत्रम्: the son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• पिता: the father
• पिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• भरतसत्तम: O best of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतसत्तम
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by the address 'bharatasattama')
• son (unnamed)
• father (unnamed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the moral collapse that prolonged war can cause: even the most fundamental bonds—between father and son—can be overturned, warning that violence corrodes dharma and natural human obligations.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, during the fighting, a son killed his own father—an episode presented as a shocking sign of the battle’s extremity and the breakdown of familial restraint.