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Mahabharata — Drona Parva, Shloka 38

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 107: Karṇa–Bhīma Saṃmarda

Arrow-storm Engagement

संवृते नरसिंहैस्तु कुरूणामृषभे<र्जुने । महानासीत्‌ समुद्धूतस्तस्य सैन्यस्य नि:स्वन:,जब कुरुश्रेष्ठ अर्जुन उन पुरुषसिंहोंद्वारा घेर लिये गये, तब उस सेनामें महान्‌ कोलाहल प्रकट हुआ

saṁvṛte narasiṁhaiḥ tu kurūṇām ṛṣabhe 'rjune | mahān āsīt samuddhūtas tasya sainyasya niḥsvanaḥ ||

三阇耶说道:当阿周那——俱卢族中的雄牛——被那些狮子般的勇士团团围住时,那军中便掀起巨大的喧嚣;军阵之声汹涌而起,轰然爆发,标记着战场的道义张力:勇气与职责在压倒性的强势之下激烈碰撞。

संवृतेwhen (the two) were surrounded/covered
संवृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंवृत (सम्+वृ धातु, क्त)
Formmasculine, locative, dual
नरसिंहैःby the man-lions (heroic men)
नरसिंहैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनरसिंह
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
तुindeed/then/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
ऋषभेin/when the two bulls (chiefs)
ऋषभे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
Formmasculine, locative, dual
अर्जुनेin/when (the two) Arjunas (Arjuna and Bhīma/Arjuna and another chief, per context)
अर्जुने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
Formmasculine, locative, dual
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular
समुद्धूतःraised up/arisen
समुद्धूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुद्धूत (सम्+उद्+धू धातु, क्त)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तस्यof that
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
सैन्यस्यof the army
सैन्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formneuter, genitive, singular
निःस्वनःsound/uproar
निःस्वनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिःस्वन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
K
Kurus
T
the army/host (sainya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of kṣatriya conflict: when a foremost warrior is pressed by many heroes, the battlefield’s roar reflects not only physical danger but the testing of steadfastness, duty, and resolve amid collective aggression.

Arjuna is hemmed in by numerous ‘lion-like’ fighters; as they close around him, the entire host erupts in a loud tumult—an audible sign of the clash intensifying around a central hero.