Shloka 2

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

Devanagari script

अब्रवीत्‌ समरे राजन्‌ वासुदेवमिदं वच: । इदं नूनं महाप्राज्ञो विदुरो दृष्टवान्‌ पुरा

Transliteration

abravīt samare rājan vāsudevam idaṁ vacaḥ | idaṁ nūnaṁ mahāprājño viduro dṛṣṭavān purā, nareśvara |

Translation

三阇耶说道：“大王啊，在战阵之中，他对婆苏提婆说道：‘主啊，至智的毗度罗必定早已预见这一切了，世人之王啊。’”

Word by Word

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्, Imperfect (past), 3, Singular, परस्मैपद

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• वासुदेवम्: Vasudeva (Krishna)
• वासुदेवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासुदेव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वचः: speech/words
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• नूनम्: surely/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम्

• महाप्राज्ञः: very wise
• महाप्राज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाप्राज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विदुरः: Vidura
• विदुरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदुर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दृष्टवान्: having seen/saw
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्तवतु (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुरा: formerly/earlier
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा

• नरेश्वर: O lord of men (king)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• King Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• Vidura

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

That dharmic wisdom and prudent counsel (exemplified by Vidura) can foresee the consequences of adharma; when such guidance is ignored, suffering later appears inevitable, as if already ‘seen’ by the wise.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, on the battlefield, a warrior addresses Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva), remarking that Vidura had long ago foreseen the present disastrous turn of events.