Shloka 42

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

Devanagari script

तमेक॑ कुण्जरं क्रुद्धा: समन्तात्‌ पर्यवारयन्‌ | आर्य! केकयराजकुमार

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

tam ekaṁ kuñjaraṁ kruddhāḥ samantāt paryavārayan |

āryaḥ kekayarāja-kumāraḥ, abhimanyuḥ, draupadīke pañca putrāḥ, śūravīraḥ daśārṇa-rājā, kṣatradevaḥ, cedirājaḥ dhṛṣṭaketuḥ tathā citraketuḥ—ete sarve mahābalā vīrā roṣāveśaṁ bharitāḥ sva-uttama-divyāstrāṇāṁ pradarśanaṁ kurvāṇāḥ taṁ ekamātraṁ hastinaṁ krodhapūrvakaṁ caturdiśaṁ paritaḥ paryavārayan ||

sa viddho bahubhir bāṇair vyarocat mahādvipaḥ ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：他们怒不可遏，从四面八方围住那唯一的战象。羯迦耶的高贵王子、阿毗曼纽、德劳帕蒂的五子、英勇的达沙尔那王、刹帝罗提婆、支提国王德里什塔计都以及质多罗计都——这些大力勇士皆满怀怒焰，显耀各自最上乘的天授神兵，愤然分据四隅，将那孤象团团围定。那巨象虽被无数箭矢贯穿，仍旧光彩夺目——纵在创伤之中，其可怖威势亦不减分毫。

Word by Word

• तम्: him/that (one)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एकम्: single, one
• एकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• कुञ्जरम्: elephant
• कुञ्जरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुञ्जर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• क्रुद्धाः: angered
• क्रुद्धाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• समन्तात्: from all sides, all around
• समन्तात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात्

• परि: around (preverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि

• अवारयन्: they surrounded/blocked
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (वारणे)
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सः: he/that one
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विद्धः: pierced, struck
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बहुभिः: by many
• बहुभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• बाणैः: with arrows
• बाणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• व्यरोचत: shone, appeared splendid
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच् (दीप्तौ)
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• महाद्विपः: the great elephant
• महाद्विपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाद्विप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kekaya prince (Kekayarāja-kumāra)
• Abhimanyu
• Five sons of Draupadī (Draupadī-putrāḥ)
• King of Daśārṇa (Daśārṇa-rājā)
• Kṣatradeva
• Dhṛṣṭaketu (king of Cedi)
• Citraketu
• War-elephant (kuñjara/hastin/mahādvipa)
• Divine weapons (divyāstrāṇi)
• Arrows (bāṇāḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The passage highlights the Kṣatriya ethos of coordinated courage and resolve in battle, while also implicitly warning that roṣa (wrath) can drive action; true martial excellence is not only power and weapons, but disciplined purpose amid intense emotion.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a battlefield moment where several named warriors, inflamed with anger and showcasing their divine missiles, encircle a single war-elephant from all sides; though struck by many arrows, the great elephant remains visually formidable.