Shloka 50

अभिमन्यु–अलम्बुसयुद्धम् / The Duel of Abhimanyu and Alambusa

with Arjuna’s approach to Bhīṣma

Devanagari script

एवं तव बल सर्व हैडिम्बेन दुरात्मना । सूर्यास्तमनवेलायां प्रभग्नं विद्रुतं दिश:

Transliteration

evaṁ tava balaṁ sarvaṁ haiḍimbenā durātmanā | sūryāstamanavelāyāṁ prabhagnaṁ vidrutaṁ diśaḥ ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：因此在日落之时，您的全部兵力被那凶恶的海丁巴（迦托迦遮）击溃，四散奔逃，向各方溃去。

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: any, Genitive, Singular

• बलम्: army/force
• बलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वम्: all, entire
• सर्वम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• हैडिम्बेन: by Haidimba (Ghaṭotkaca)
• हैडिम्बेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हैडिम्ब
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दुरात्मना: by the wicked one
• दुरात्मना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सूर्यास्तमनवेलायाम्: at the time of sunset
• सूर्यास्तमनवेलायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्यास्तमन-वेला
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• प्रभग्नम्: broken, routed
• प्रभग्नम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-भञ्ज्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• विद्रुतम्: fled, run away
• विद्रुतम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-द्रु
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• दिशः: to the directions
• दिशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Ghaṭotkaca (Haiḍimba)
• Kaurava army
• sunset (sūryāstamana)
• directions (diśaḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Military power without steadiness and right judgment is fragile; when fear spreads, even a vast army can collapse. The verse highlights the ethical and psychological dimension of war—morale and inner resolve often decide outcomes as much as weapons.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that at sunset Ghaṭotkaca (called Haiḍimba) has broken the Kaurava forces, causing them to flee in all directions, amid the tumult of battle sounds.