Shloka 11

Devanagari script

भीमसेन पुरस्कृत्य दुर्योधनमुपाद्रवन्‌ । नानाविधानि शस्त्राणि विसृजन्तो जये धृता:

Transliteration

bhīmasena-puraskṛtya duryodhanam upādravan | nānā-vidhāni śastrāṇi visṛjanto jaye dhṛtāḥ ||

Translation

桑阇耶说：他们以毗摩塞那为前锋，猛然冲上去攻袭都利约陀那，纷纷掷出各式兵刃——心志坚决，只求胜利。

Word by Word

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena (Bhima)
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पुरस्कृत्य: having put in front / having made the leader
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुरस् + कृ
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having placed in front / having put forward

• दुर्योधनम्: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उपाद्रवन्: they attacked / they rushed upon
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + द्रु
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• नाना-विधानि: of various kinds
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना + विधान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• शस्त्राणि: weapons
• शस्त्राणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शस्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• विसृजन्तः: hurling / discharging
• विसृजन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + सृज्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जये: in victory / for victory
• जये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• धृताः: resolved / determined
• धृताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Duryodhana
• śastrāṇi (weapons)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how leadership (placing Bhīma in front) and unwavering resolve shape collective action in crisis; in the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, such determination must ultimately be weighed against dharma, even when expressed through martial duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the warriors, with Bhīma leading the charge, rush to attack Duryodhana and shower him with a variety of weapons, intent on securing victory.