Shloka 15
भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ७२: सैन्यगुणवर्णनम्, व्यूहरक्षा, दैव-पुरुषकारचिन्ता
Devanagari script
सम्मुहृति तदा सैन्ये त्वरमाणो धनंजय: । भीष्मं शरसहस्त्रेण विव्याध रणमूर्थनि
Transliteration
sammuhyati tadā sainye tvaramāṇo dhanañjayaḥ | bhīṣmaṃ śarasahasreṇa vivyādha raṇamūrdhani ||
Translation
三阇耶说道：当时，见己方军阵陷入迷乱，檀那阇耶（阿周那，Arjuna）急切决断，于战阵前沿以千箭齐发，射伤毗湿摩。
Word by Word
सम्मुह्यतिbecomes deluded / is bewildered
सम्मुह्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + मुह्
FormLat (Present indicative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सैन्येin the army
सैन्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
त्वरमाणःhastening
त्वरमाणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वर्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीष्मम्Bhīṣma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शर-सहस्रेणwith a thousand arrows
शर-सहस्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर-सहस्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विव्याधpierced / wounded
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormLan (Imperfect), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
रण-मूर्धनिat the forefront/crown of battle
रण-मूर्धनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण-मूर्धन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaA
Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)B
BhīṣmaA
arrows (śara)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
When a revered figure becomes the main support of an unjust side, dharma may require firm resistance without personal hatred. The verse highlights decisive, duty-driven action in war to prevent one’s forces from collapsing into confusion.
As the army is thrown into disarray, Arjuna urgently advances to the battle-front and showers Bhīṣma with a thousand arrows, wounding him and attempting to check Bhīṣma’s overwhelming dominance.